Civilno Hakajengo Miškipe

Rodipe

Thomas Acton

Efta deshbershipa kater e romano civilno manushikane hakajengo mishkipe ande Bari Britanija

Sar astardas pes kotar e 1945 bersh

Dujto Lumako Maripe, 1939-1945 sasa vrama kotar bare pharipena numa vi vash e UK-eskire Romengi thaj Phirutnengi socijalno akceptacija. E mursha shaj sas te dzan volontarno ande armija, thaj e dzuvlja kerena pes buchi ande umala/pe phuv/agrikulutura/. O evangelikano rashaj, Gypsy Earnest Williams astardas te del dumo/vast/azhutil/ e familijen kaskere dzene sasa regrutirme ande armija vaj kerenas buchi ande agrikultura, thaj delas shajipe e familijenge te arakhen penge sigurno kampirimaskere thana vash olengere karavanura dzikote dzalas o maripe.1

Ko 1945 bersh sasa alusardo/elektirimo/ o avguno Laburikano/Bucharnengo/ socijalstikano gaverno, pe vrama kana dzalas dureder o nacionalno mangipe te ikeren pes i kooperacija thaj harmonija so keardije pes ande maripaski vrama. Bibahtake e ‘Gypsies’ but sig ikleste avrijal kotar olengi akceptacija so reslas/kerdas/ pes dziktoe dzalas o maripe. O nevo gaverno e manushen save so kerenas kino-bikinipe/tergovija/ dikehlas sar anti-socijalno manusha thaj ‘hohavne’, thaj upral e thana vash e karavanura dihelas sar pe bimanglo than dzivdipaske. Von pandade e karavenengere thanen so sasa phutarde pe maripaski vrama thaj kerde buteder rigorozno planiribe thaj kontrola, mangindoj e ‘Gypsies’ te chiven ande khera, pe vrama kana naj sas savorenge khera dzivdipaske. But olendar achile ande bilache kherore avrijal kotar e forura, nasikavindoj olengoro Romanipe, daratar thaj nashindoj kotar o rasizmo so astardas te sikavel pes pali o maripe. E javeren astarenas thaj chudenas olen avrijal kotar e tradicionalno kampiribaskere thana saven so pala olengo chudpe avri phandavenas gasave kampon.

Pe kadi vrama amen dikhas sar astarela te kerel pes Romano Civilno Hakajengo mishkipe, vi sar radikalno rezinstencija/maripe palpale/ vaj sar reformistikane kampanje. E maj radikalno rezistencija avilas kotar jekh grupa familije legarde kotar o Wisdom Smith savo so dzivelas ande jekh kampiribasko kotar e maripaski vrama ki Gloucestershire farma kote so trajilas Ellen Wilmot-Ware. Kotar 1946 bersh, e lokalno autoritetura khamenas te phandaven kodo than, thaj kana e thanesko gazda, e manusha so trajinas kote thaj vi e Smith familija, chi khamenas te dzan avri kotar kodo than, musajas te pokinen bare love. E peticije dzi pe parlamento thaj dzi ko Archbishop/Baro rashaj/ kotar Canterbury ange dzi pe kodo i Ellen Wilmot-Ware te ovel pakivalo membro dzikote si dzivdi ande Gypsy Lore Society. O Wisdom Smith thaj leski familija trubujas te nashen sostar ka pnadavenas olen thaj ka lenas olendar sa so isi olen, dzikote Wilmot-Ware sasa chudimi avri kotar olaki farma so sasa olakere familijaki, kerdas bankrupt, thaj jekh vrama sine phangli ande mentalno hospitali.2

Gasavi jekh totalno rezistenca/maripe palpale/ naj sas lachi vash o Gypsy Earnest Williams, thaj vash o bichalutno ande parlamenti kotar Lburikani partija kolesar astardas te kerel buchi, thaj o Norman Dodds kotar Dartford elektorato kote so but ‘Gypsies’ dzivenas ilegalno ande karavanura trujal e droma thaj ande vesha. Vov ano Parlamento kerdas kampanja thaj kerdas o raj Gypsy Earnest Williams te legarel e Romane delegacija thaj e raje ‘Cobbs’ Baker vi leskere unuka, 9 year-bershengiri Jane Baker3 te dzan ande Parlamento ko Ministeriumi vash e Khera thaj Logalno Gavermento ko majo 1951 bersh. Numa, sar te si, o Laburikano Gaverno hasardas e elekcije/alusariba/, thaj o nevo Konzervativno Gaverno akceptuindas rasistikano argumento dendo kotar e Gypsy Lore Society Secretary Brian Vesey-Fitzgerald so dijas ande report thaj o rodipe4 kaj majbut kotar e ‘Gypsies’ ano Kent naj rsikane ‘Chachune Roma’ thaj kodoleske olenge chi trubuj varesavi specijalno akomodacija.

unknown | Gypsies go to the House for talks | printimo materijali | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1951 | rom_30050 Provided by: Thomas Acton – Private Archive

E dzivdipaskere kondicije vash e ‘Gypsies’ sar te si, avile lacheder ko 1950 bersha, na najisarindoj e khovle civilno hakajengere aktivitetonge, numa sostar o Konzervativno gaverno, generalno azhutisarda manushen so keren kino-bikinipe. E automobilengi industrija bajrolas thaj kerelas lache shajipena vash e tikne Romane biznismenura, vi kadalenge saven isi garazhe vash repariribe automobilura, vi kadalenge save dzivenas nomadikanes thaj khedenas phurano sastrn. E karavanura motoresar akak shaj sas te dzan dureder kotar e karavanura crdime grastendar thaj kodoleske chi trubujas doborom baro numero kotar stopiribaskere thana. E barvale Romanichals save so khamenas te achovel pes ko nomadikano dzivdipaskoro stilo, astarde te khinen phuv kote so vazden pengere thana vash e karavanura; thaj o pioneri pe kodo sasa o Tom Smith kotar Bloxham,5 savo so vazdijas than vash karavano, pashe dzi ko than kote so khedelas phurano sastrn thaj azhutisarelas vi javeren te kinen penge phuv.

Ioana Constantinescu | Interview with Tom Smith | Non Fiction | 2017 | rom_30046_1 Rights held by: Ionana Constantinescu / Thomas Acton | Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: RomArchive

Bibahtake, e Konzervativne gavermente sasa anti-karavanengo gindipe, sar so angleder sasa vi e Laburengere Gavermente, kotoresar legarindoj pes kotar e but bivuzhe thaj eksploatirime kondicije vash e Gadze ande na-Gypsy karavanengere thana, save sasa panch drom buteder kotar e Romanichal, Kale, Minceir thaj Nachin karavanengere manushen. O Buhljaribasko Akti pe Kontrola upral e Karavanengere Thana kotar 1960 bersh, zurales stopuisardas sa e legalno buhljaripa vash e neve privatnikane karavanengere thana, dzikote delas e lokalno autoritetonge zor (so na kerdas pes butivar) te keren konsiloskere thana vash e ‘Gypsies’ (definirime sar manusha save dziven nomadikanes), numa bizi te den pes neve hakaja e privatnikane manushenge. Pe kadi vrama, i agrikulturakiri depresija ande Irlandaki Republika pala 1960 bersh andas dzi ki migracija e Minceir/Pavees (Irish Travellers) ande Britanija. Kodo, ande 1960 bersha andas dzi pe kriza ko nanipe phuv thaj bareder evikcije katar kadala kerdine ko 1940 bersha, thaj kerdas pes baro inter-etnikano konflikti thaj kompeticija mashkar e Minceirs/Pavees thaj e Romanichals ande Englanda. O Dodds kerdas korkori pesko legalno than vash karavanura sar gesto kotar nashunibe kotar 1961 numa nashti sas te nakhel pala o 1963.6

Klasikano period/vrama: bersha vash kurazho, 1963-1971

Nevo bi-violencako mishkipe mamuj e evikcije astardas ande Irlanda ko 1963 bersh, thaj astardas te buhljarel pes ande Englanda ko 1965 bersh, motivirimo kotar Comité Internationale Tsigane.

Ioana Constantinescu | Interview Jeremy Harte with Grattopn Puxon | Non Fiction | 2017 | rom_30048 Rights held by: Ionana Constantinescu / Thomas Acton | Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: RomArchive

Kodo mishkipe astardas pashe dzi ko Dublin, legardo kotar o John Macdonald thaj Kevin Keanan, kolenge pashes avilas o terno sikavdo/educirimo/ pacifisto, Grattan Puxon, savo so nashlas mobilizacijatar ande Englanda. O Puxon sasa gajo savo so bersha pal kodo arakhlas peskere Romane phuranen. Vov shaj sas te skrinisarel vash e bieducirime Pavees/Minceirs thaj te rodel suporto kotar vavera thema. O Clement LeCossec, manush so kerdas e International Evangelical Gypsy Mission (‘Vie et Lumière’) hramosardas e avel pe kontakto e Vanko Rouda, thaj Vaida Voevode,7 Prezidento ko Communauté Moniale Gitane savo so avilas Parizostar te del kurazho vash kodi rezistanca mamuj e evikcija. E Irlandako gavermento dijas palpale kodolesar so dijas koncesija te moderirinel pes Catholic organisation legardini kotar o rashaj, Father Fehilly, numa phandavel e Grattan Puxon-e doshakerindoj ole vash kodo so khedela pushke. E Irlandako sikuripaskoro serviso phendas jekhe blokoskoe kotar e Irish Republican army te del e Puxon-eske te garavel jagalo/revolver/, savo so but sig pal kodo sasa arakhlo kotar e policija.

Pal kodo i policija khosljas o doshalipe thaj o Puxon sas bichaldo palpale ande Englanda, kote so e organizatora pe lokalno rezistanca, sar o Tom O’Doherty8 uprune themestar, o Jasper Smith, Leonard Cooper thaj o Johnny Brazil khamenas oleskere tehnike vash e pasivno civilno rezistanca so vov buljardas ande Irlanda, te keren ano maripe mamuj e but bare legalno evikcije so keren pes ande UK so kerenas pes policijatar thaj e legalno autoritetondar. O Gypsy Council sasa kerdino ko 11-to decembro 1966 bersh. Javera Konsileskere liderura sasa Fred Wood, Jim Penfold, Johnny Connors9, Dennis Marriner, Brian Raywid thajDerek Tipler. But olendar dzivenas ande khera numa, denas suporto e nomadenge vash etnikano solidariteto, so e mishkipaske delas jekh autonomno koloro. Ko 1968 bersh, o Akti vash Karavanengere Thana phenelas e lokalno autoritetonge kaj trubuj te den karavanengere thana vash e nomadikane ‘Gypsies’, numa kodole Aktoski implementacija na dzalas mishtes (na kerdas pes dzi ko agor), vaj te prolongirinel pes ki Skotlanda vaj Upruni Irlanda, kote so, sar te si, e lokalno gavernura kerdine gasave politike thaj kerde Pavee thaj Nachin komunitetakere organizacije, gasave sar so sasa I organizacija legardini kotar Charlie Douglas ande Skotlanda. Sa bareder internacionalno kontaktura kulminirinena e Avgune Lumakere Kongresosar ko 1971 bersh (Interview Ian Hancock), pali savo o Grattan Puxon astardas te ovel sekretaro ko Internacionalno Mishkipe, bazirimo ande Jugoslavija.10

Reakcija thaj Fragmentacija: Bajron javereder luludza, 1971-1978

E adzikeriba pe 1960 bersha sasa but uche; kana dzi pe than nashti sas lokheste te avel pes, e manusha astarde te keren chingara, thaj varesave kotar e na-Gypsy edukacionalistija save so sine khetane ande Nacionalno Gypsy Edukacijako Konsilo (NGEC) kerdino ko 1970 dija kurazho pe neve organizacije, sar so sasa Romani Guild kerdino kotar o Tom Lee pe 1972.

  • Romani Guild (UK) | Romani Guild Information | brošura | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1972 | rom_30016 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Tom Lee (Romani Guild) | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick – Private Archive
  • Romani Guild (UK) | Romani Guild Information | brošura | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1972 | rom_30016 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Tom Lee (Romani Guild) | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick – Private Archive
  • Romani Guild (UK) | Romani Guild Information | brošura | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1972 | rom_30016 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Tom Lee (Romani Guild) | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick – Private Archive
  • Romani Guild (UK) | Romani Guild Information | brošura | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1972 | rom_30016 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Tom Lee (Romani Guild) | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick – Private Archive
  • Romani Guild (UK) | Romani Guild Information | brošura | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1972 | rom_30016 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Tom Lee (Romani Guild) | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick – Private Archive

Von mukhle o NGEC ko 1973 bersh thaj kerde o ‘Advisory Council for the Education of Romanies and other Travellers’ (ACERT)11 /’Godideibasko Konsilo vash e Romengi thaj javera Phirutnengi Edukacija’. Ko 1974, o Gypsy Council korkoro kerdijas pes regionalno organizacija, dominirime kotar e Northern Gypsy Council/Upruno Gypsy Konsilo legardo kotar o Hughie Smith. Pala e familijarno bihaljovipe mashkar e Gypsy Council-esko Sekretaro Jim Penfold, thaj Roy Wells vi o Eddie Gentle kotar o Southern Gypsy Council/Teluno Gypsy Konsilo, deklaririndas pes sar ‘National Gypsy Council’ crdindoj pe rig sa e Hughie Smith-eskere opononten, savo so ulas Prezidento dzikote si dzivdo, sa dzi pe dive kana mulas ko 2013.

Donald Kenrick | A Record of a Meeting with a British Government, Environment Minister | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977 | rom_30014 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive

Sasa kerdine javera lokalno organizacije sar so si Romani Rights Association/Romane Hakajengi Asocijacija/ kerdini kotar Eli Frankham, thaj East Anglian Gypsy Council/Chachune rigutne Anglijako Gypsy Konsilo/ kerdo kotar o Peter Mercer. E liderura save so ikerenas dzivdo o radikalno krlo/hango/ pe kodi vrama sasa Roy Wells, Elizabeth Easton vi Eddie thaj Rose Gentle kotar o Uprunothemesko Gypsy Konsilo, so kerdas Asocijacija katar e Gypsy thaj Romane Organizacije, ikerdas e demokracija dzivdi ande NGEC, thaj o Peter Mercer, John Day, thaj Dave Day kotar Chachunerigutno Anglijako Konsilo, save so avile membrura vi ande NGEC vi ande ACERT.12 Pe kadi vrama, sasa kerdino vi o Romani Site-Owner’s Guild kotar o Uriah Burton of Partington,13 baro disidento mashkar e barvale Romanichals savo so khetane e Rabbie Boswell-esar kotar Newcastle, ko 1972, line o avguno privatno than pe karavanura vash e Romanichals vash desh thaj duj bersh, upral e legalno funda so delas o Akto vash e Lokalno Autoritetura kotar 1968 bersh, thaj savo so na kherals pes but sig; e Lokalno Autoritetura nashti sas te anen o kanuni/zakono/ thaj te stopin e privatnikane karavanengere thanen. O Tom Smith kotar Bloxham avilas o sherutno; numa pala lesko meribe ko 1976, e organizacija naj sas zor.

  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | “Towards Gypsy Power”: Policy Documents from Association of Gypsy and Romani Organisations, National Gypsy Education Council and the Romani Institute | dokumento | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-08 | rom_30012 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick — Thomas Acton | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
Ioana Constantinescu | Interview with Tom Smith | Non Fiction | 2017 | rom_30046_2 Rights held by: Ionana Constantinescu / Thomas Acton | Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: RomArchive

Lobiribaski thaj kooperacijaki era: Devleskere-kustikaki/rainbow/ koalicija 1978-1990

Pala e rearanziribaski vrama o Peter Mercer ko 1978 bersh ovela o Sherutno ko NGEC thaj avgodrom vov dela shajipe o NGEC te ovel umbrella organizacija savi so lela andre majbut Gypsy thaj Phirutnengere organizacijen.14 O Roy Wells, Tom Lee, Eli Frankham, John Day, Dave Day, Tony Lee, Josie Lee kerdine rotiribaskere ofisura mashkar pende, so sasa varesavi federalno organizacija, savi resljas majbare provizije vash e thana pala e Gavermentesko Reporto ko 1977 bersh ‘Akomodacija vash e Gypsies’ kotar o Sir John Cripps Report, buteder centralno gavernoskere finansije vash e karavanengere thana.

  • Donald Kenrick | A Critical Review of the Cripps Report by the Association of Gypsy & Romani Organisations | reporto | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-06 | rom_30015 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Donald Kenrick | A Critical Review of the Cripps Report by the Association of Gypsy & Romani Organisations | reporto | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-06 | rom_30015 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Donald Kenrick | A Critical Review of the Cripps Report by the Association of Gypsy & Romani Organisations | reporto | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-06 | rom_30015 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive
  • Donald Kenrick | A Critical Review of the Cripps Report by the Association of Gypsy & Romani Organisations | reporto | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1977-06 | rom_30015 Rights held by: Donald S. Kenrick | Licensed by: Timna Kenrick I Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Timna Kenrick - Private Archive

Ko 1977, sar te si, o Croydon Londoneski Komuna na lijas ande shkola e Mary Delaney nomadikane Pavee chajorja azhutisardi kotar o Telunethemsko Gypsy Konsilo kaj si Phirutni, kodoleske voj najsas kotar kodi areja. E Laborengi Edukacijaki sekretarka Shirley Williams dijas peski vorba vash legalno reforma, numa e Laborengoro Gavermento na kerdas kodi reforma angleder te pherel ko 1979. O Nacionalno Gypsy Edukacijako Konsilo legardino kotar o Peter Mercer, sar te si, phenelas e neve Konzervativno gavermenteske thaj dijas godi e neve shkolengere ministere, e Rhodes Boyson-eske, kaj kodi diskriminacija si moralno biakcetiribaski. Khetane, aktivno suportesar kotar e Thagarune Edukacijakere Inspetorencar, o Don Buckland HMI thaj Arthur Ivatts HMI, khetane skrinisarde o hakaj kaj vi e nomadikane Romane thaj Phirutnengere chavore trubuj te len pes ande savi vi te ovel shkola dzaindoj pala o 1981 Edukacijakoro Akto.15 Kodo sas avguno kanuni/zakono/ savo so na anela teli phuchibe o hakaj e nomadikane chavorengo te phiren ande themeskere shkole thaj te len edukacija. Dzikote dzanas 1980 bersha, jekh buhli koalicija legardini kotar o Peter Mercer, ki kooperacija e lokalno aoutoritetoncar khafmenas te lacharen e hakaja vash akomodacije e nomadonge thaj shajipe vash e sa e Romanichals, Kale, Minceirs, Pavees, thaj Nachins, edukacija vash olengere chavore. I fundavni edukacija vash e nomadikane Roma achilas pes pe kadi vrama thaj o numero kotar e sigurno thana vash akomodacija barilas dramatikane.

  • Thomas Acton | Association of Gypsy Organisations / National Gypsy Education Council Information Leaflet | lifleto | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1978 | rom_30013 Rights held by: Thomas Acton | Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Thomas Acton - Private Archive
  • Thomas Acton | Association of Gypsy Organisations / National Gypsy Education Council Information Leaflet | lifleto | Khetanutno Thagaripe kotar i Bari Britanija vi Upruni Irlanda | 1978 | rom_30013 Rights held by: Thomas Acton | Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: Thomas Acton - Private Archive

Periodo kotar profesionalizacija, 1990 – 2008

Ko 1990 o terno Gypsy aktivisto kotar o Essex, Charles Smith, astardas te iranel nekanutno baripe so sasa e Gypsy Konsile, thaj e Peter Mercer-eske, savo so hasardas o than sar sherutno ande NGEC, phendas oleski organizacija te lel o alav Gypsy Konsilo vash Edukacija, Lachipa thaj Civilno Hakaja. Sasa krisaripe kotar o phurano ‘Nacionalno Gypsy Konsilo’ legardo kotar Hughie Smith – numa vov nerisardas thaj lijas £14,000 vash leskere koshti. Achile akcionerengi kompanija, aktivno rodindoj grantura thaj phutarde pengo permanentno ofiso ande Avely, Essex, thaj lene peske vi sekretarijato ko azhutipe. O Romano pop giljavutno, David Essex, avilas e kompanijako Patroni16. E konekcije Indijasar sas aktivno promovirime kotar o Veerendra Rishi, chavo e diplomatosko R.Rishi savo so kerdas o zhurnalo ROMA17. Pali 1989 kana e Roma Europatar astarde te migririnen bare numerosar, o Gypsy Konsilo rodijas kotar o Donald Kenrick thaj Thomas Acton, sar spikerura kotar Internacionalno Romani te azhutisaren. Pala kodo sasa kerdine organizacije e Chachunerigeskere Europutne Romenge, e Ladislav Balasz-esar organizirindoj e Slovakijakere Romen. E Slovakijakere Roma azhutisarde te kerel pes vi e Romani Suportoski Grupa ko 1998, numa kade dominacija ikerenas e Polandakere Roma, , e Rosa Kotowicz-asar sar Sherutni thaj i Sylvia Ingmire, sar organizatoro thaj Egzkutivno Shefo18. Sasa sukseso, lachipe vash sa e Roma thaj kodo sasa e majlachi NGO savi reselas grantura thaj savi so lijas vi aktiviston kotar Romanijako Civilno sektoro, sar so si o Cornel Rezmives, savo so kerdas buchi e Nicolae Gheorghe-sar ko 1980 bersha.

O nevo Gypsy Konsilo ka phenes dikhela pes sar teljardo sostar abolicirindas pes o 1968 Karavanongire Thanengo Akto ko 1992 bersh, numa koncentririme upral e ekspertura save so denas godzi individualconge; buteder kotar e javera organizacije, thaj nane dureder teli o lokho legaripe e Peter Mercer-estar, avilas buteder autonomno. Pala o bihaljovipe vash e gay Romengi rola, i Sylvia Dunn mekhela e Gypsy Konsile thaj kerela Romane Dzuvlengi Nacionalno Asocijacija ko 1994 bersh, savi so kerdas buchi 20 bersh19. Olake dijas dumo/azhutipe/ o Peter Mercer thaj Chachunerigutno Anglijako Gypsy Konsilo, thaj ki korelacija e Derbyshire Gypsy Liaison Group-asar legardi kotar Siobhan Spencer, savi so vramasar ulas e majbari Romanichal NGO. Sa bareder independenca ko akcije, vi kotar e British Gypsy and Traveller women20, thaj imigranoontongere Romane dzuvlja21 markirinde kodo periodo. O fakto so solduj, vi o DGLG vi o GC sasa organizacije lagardine kotar e Romanichal, kodo andas dzi pe kodo te kerel pes Irlandakere Phirutnengo Mishkipe, legardo kotar e Katolikane aktivistura numa, deindoj rola vi e Pavee vi e Mincer aktivistonge, kaski influence sasa sa bareder ki akija organizacija22. Importantno si vi kodo so kerdas pes ‘Amala thaj Familije e Phirutnengere’ jekh organizacija vash e ‘Neve Phirutne’, hipikura save so kerenas love kotar e pop festivaleskere ture23, thaj lokheste sasa lendi kotar e membrura saven sasa Romanichal, Nachin, Pavee vaj Minceir palpalipe, numa vi majodorig phutarde vash sa e nomadura bizi te dikhel pes olengoro etniciteto24. Sa kadala grupen sine kompeticija kon ka lel grantura kotar o gavermento vaj kotar e fondacije, te keren pengi legalno buchi vash e komunitetakere membrura, thaj lokheste hasarde pengo intereso te keren kampanja thaj te pharuven e gavermentoskere politika vaj ande internacionalno mishkipe, sostar achile te oven varesave deluzionikane aktivistura.

I hiv ko lobiribaskere zora achilas evidentno ko 1997 bersh. E uche adzikeripena kaj e Phirutnen ka ovel vareso kotar o nevo Laburengoro Gavermento, hasardile kana o Premiero Tony Blair crdijas pe rig sa e Laburengere Ministeron kolencar e Phirutnengere organizacije vorbinas, thaj adoptirindas bilacheder politike vi kotar e Major Tory-esko gavermento. E nevi Phirutnengi Kanuneski Reformengi Kolacija (TLRC) sasa kerdini ko 2002 bersh, kotar e advokatura, thaj terdini anglal o nevo radikalno Phirutnengo aktivisto, Len Smith. O Gypsy Konsilo, e Phirutnengo Mishkipe, o NFGLG, e Skotengi Phirutnengi Akcijaki Grupa, thaj organizacija ‘Amala, Familije thaj Phirutne’ sasa entuzijastura thaj dije baro suporto so andas dzi ko jekhipe so naj sas dikhlo 20 bersh. O TLRC prezentirindas pes sar trusto kotar godza/think tank/ thaj delas sugestije bazirime upral evidenc, lokheste lijas e gaver, mentoskiri sama vash e provizije ko karavanongere thana, bazirime upral e manushengere trubujimata. Ko 2005 I koalicija prepeli kotar e andrune konfliktija, thaj sasa kerdini jekh javer Nacionalno Federacija vash Khetanutne Grupe, khetanes e Derbyshire Gypsy Liaison Group-asar (e Siobhan Spencer-esar) thaj e Chachunerigesko Anglijako Gypsy Konsilo (e Peter Mercer-esar) sar inicijalno suporterura.25 Javera bare partnerura sasa e Phirutnengoro Mishkipe (initcijalno e Irlandekere Phirutnengo Mishkipe) thaj Amala, Familije thaj Phirutne (originalno centririme pe Neve Phirutne). Sa kadala phirenas pala modelo grantondar-fundirimi profesionalizacija, legardini kotar Charles Smith. Sar te si, o Gypsy Konsilo sasa teli pharo nasvalipe. Avgunes o prezidento Josie Lee, thaj pala leste o sherutno Charles Smith mule ano 2005, thaj o sekretaro, i Ann Bagehot thaj e finansijengo manush, o George Wilson avile nasvale. O Daniel Baker, savo su buhljardas e artistikani buchi ano Gypsy Konsilo, lijas o than sar sherutno pe finansije thaj sas les phari buchi te kerel supervizija upral o likvidiribe Gypsy Konsilosko sar akcionerengi kompanija. Dzikote dzalas oleski vrama ande ofiso, o nevo Vizuelno Arti ulas importantno mishkipe, na numa ande UK, numa vi pe internacionalno nivelo26. Jekh importantno edukacijakiri inicijativa suportirimi kotar sasti Phirutnengi Kanuneski Reformaki Koalicija sasa Gypsy, Romano Phirutnengo Historijako Chon/Masek/, (vi dureder kerela pes ande but shkoli ando juno)27. Akak numa o gavermentokotar o Welsh dela suproto vash kodo28 thaj sasa legardo kotar e Patricia Knight, Romani sicharnia savi so reslas reputacija kotar e lokalno maripa, marindoj pes vash e Janet Keet-Black kotar e 500-zurali Romani thaj Phirutnengiri Familijaki Historijaki Organizacija29, mamuj e manusha kotar o gav Firle save so phabarde Gypsies pe lengi Bonfire rachi ko 200330.

O Dr Daniel Baker si artisto, kuratoro vi artistikano teoretičaro. Rom Gypsy bijando ko Kent, ole isi PhD pe Romani estetika kotar e Tagarengo …

Palpale ko darhija: Dale Farm, kampanjaki revitalizcija kotar Gypsy Konsilo, thaj sa bareder pluralistikani kampanja, 2008-

Ko palune nekobor bersha teli legaripe kotar o Charles Smith, e krle/hangoja/ vi jekhvar ashunde pes vash buteder populistikani metodologija, specijalno kotar o Grattan Puxon, savo so irandilo palpale kotar e internacionalno bucha, thaj o Joe G. Jones kotar o Thames Valley Gypsy Konsilo31. O maripe mamuj masovno evikcija ki Dale Farm32 dijas motivacija vash kodo mishkipe, thaj andas neve lideron sar so si Candy Sheridan, Joe P.Jones, Richard Sheridan, Phien O’Reachtigain, Phil Regan thaj Frank, Garry vi Olby Brazilkotar o Marden Gypsy Muzeumo. Kodo lijas jekh javer legaripe ande Gypsy Konsilo sar jekh volontarno, Council as a voluntary, ulavdini/separatno/ asocijacija, jekh nevi roshali koalicija. Von fokusirine pes ko praktikano planirimo maripe vash e phuv/thana/. Pe kodi vrama, sar sherutno, o Valdemar Kalinin sigurindas kodo so o Gypsy Konsilo ka lel ani godzi/sama/ vi e phuchipena e Romencar save si imigrantura. O Gypsy Konsilo, vi jekhvar ulas bari thaj buhli koalicija, savi saj bazirimu upral jekh grupa, numa savi khamel te anel khetanes sa e Gypsy, Phirutne thaj Romane grupen ande jekh than vash maripe mamuj o rasizmo. Bizi buteder fondija, vaj neve buchara, sar te si, achovela sar majcikni organizacija kotar e Nacionalno Federacija kotar e Gypsy Khetanutne Grupe, kotar e Phirutnengo Mishkipe, kotar Romani Suporteski grupa vaj Amala, Familije thaj Phirutne. Sa kadala grupe dena zor mamuj e gavermentosko mangipe te del numa sicharibasko suporto vash Romane hakaja, edukacija thaj akomodacija, khetane e generalno suportesar vash e religijakere grupe sar so si Roshaki thaj Dzivdipaski Misija33, Londoneski Gypsy Khangiri34, thaj Khangirengiri Drakhin/Netvorko/ vash e Gypsies, Phirutne thaj Roma35. O kreiribe e Gypsi, Roma thaj Phirutnengi Policijaki Asocijacija ko 2013, kotar e duj Policijakere Ofiserura, o Romanichal Jim Davies thaj o Chehiko Rom imigranto Petr Torak, marel pes mamuj o rasizmo kotar I policija mamuj peskere ofiserura, thaj kerel jekh normalneder dzanipe vash e Romengere hakaja. Te ikerel pes ani godzi e Romengo trajo ande Nacistengo holokausto si jekh kotar e buteder importantno bucha36.

Ko 2016 javereder Gypsy Konsileskere membrura lije than ande Kongresija kotar e diferentno frakcije ande IRU, ande Riga thaj ande Skopje. E Skopjako IRU lijas bareder suporto sostar dzala pala e principura vash demokratikani tranzicija thaj masovno elektronikani elekcija/alusaribe37.

Ioana Constantinescu | Interview with Jim Davies. Personal background and struggle | Non Fiction | 2017 | rom_30047_1 Rights held by: Ionana Constantinescu / Thomas Acton | Licensed under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International | Provided by: RomArchive

O Gypsy Konsilo kerdas 50 bersh sar kerdas pes ki jekh soba, ko jekh publikano Kher, ko Bull in St Mary Cray, Kent ano decembro.38 Bibahtake, but sig pali kodo pharavdas pes, sar so phagilas pes o Nacionalno Gypsy Phirutnengo thaj Romengo Konsilo (NGTRC) so sasa legardo kotar o Phien O’Reachtigain. E majimportantno Romane NGO save vi dureder trajin si e Nacionalno Federacija kotar e Gypsy Khetanutne Grupe (NFGLG), e Phirutnengo Mishkipe (TM), Amala, Familije thaj Phirutne (FFT) thaj Romani Suporteski Grupa (RSG).

Rights held by: Thomas Acton (text) —Sarita Jasarova (translation) | Licensed by: Thomas Acton (text) —Sarita Jasarova (translation) | Licensed under: CC-BY-NC 3.0 Germany | Provided by: RomArchive